How to Treat Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infection

Understanding Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infections

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cause oral herpes, which leads to fluid-filled blisters in and around the mouth. These blisters can be painful and uncomfortable. The virus can be of two types - HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 is more commonly associated with oral infections, but both types can cause mouth sores. The incubation period for herpes simplex infections typically ranges from one to 26 days, usually being six to eight days. Triggers such as fever, stress, a suppressed immune system, hormonal changes, sun exposure, upper respiratory infections, or trauma to the mouth area can cause outbreaks.

Symptoms of Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infection

Symptoms may include blisters on the lips or around the mouth. The skin might tingle, itch, or burn up to 48 hours before the blisters appear. Some people may also experience fever, body aches, sore throat, headache, and swollen lymph nodes.

Diagnosis and Tests for Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infection

Healthcare providers diagnose HSV infections through a physical exam and testing. They might look for signs of infection like sores and take a sample for lab testing. If necessary, a blood test can be done to check for antibodies against HSV-1 or HSV-2.

Treatment Options for Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infection

Prescription antiviral medications are the main treatment. These can come in the form of pills, creams, ointments, intravenous medications, or eye drops. Episodic therapy is used for short-term treatment of a single outbreak and involves taking antiviral medication when symptoms start. Chronic suppressive therapy is recommended for those with frequent or severe outbreaks, or for certain specific conditions.

Prevention of Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infection

Preventing HSV infections can be challenging but lowering the risk is possible. Avoid close contact with people having an outbreak, ask partners to get tested for sexually transmitted infections, and use protection during sexual activity.

Outlook and Prognosis of Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infection

Herpes simplex is a lifelong infection, but the frequency of outbreaks often decreases with age. Most people with oral herpes have fewer outbreaks as they get older.

Living with Herpes Simplex Virus Mouth Infection

If you have symptoms or have been exposed to HSV, contact a provider. It's helpful to ask your provider about recommended treatments, ways to lower the risk of spreading the virus, chances of it spreading to other parts of the body, and how to prevent outbreaks.