How to Tell If Your Tooth is Infected or Just Sensitive: A Clear Guide

How to Tell If Your Tooth is Infected or Just Sensitive: A Clear Guide

• Understanding Tooth Sensitivity
• Common Symptoms of a Tooth Infection
• How to Distinguish Sensitivity from Infection
• When to See a Dentist for Tooth Issues
• Treatments for Tooth Sensitivity and Infection

Understanding Tooth Sensitivity

Tooth sensitivity is a common dental issue, often triggered by hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks. It can also occur when brushing or flossing, and is usually a result of worn enamel or receding gums. Sensitivity is typically localized to a specific tooth or area and might not always indicate a serious problem. However, when the sensitivity becomes persistent or severe, it could point to an underlying issue that requires professional evaluation.

What Causes Tooth Sensitivity?

There are several factors that can contribute to tooth sensitivity:

• Worn Tooth Enamel: Over time, tooth enamel can wear down, exposing the sensitive underlying layer of dentin.
• Gum Recession: When gums pull away from the teeth, they can expose the roots, which are not covered by enamel, leading to sensitivity.
• Bruxism (Teeth Grinding): Grinding your teeth can wear down enamel and increase sensitivity.
• Dental Procedures: Some dental treatments, like fillings or crowns, can temporarily increase sensitivity during the healing process.

Common Symptoms of a Tooth Infection

A tooth infection (also known as an abscess) occurs when bacteria infect the inner part of the tooth, known as the pulp. The infection can cause severe pain and lead to serious complications if not treated. It’s important to differentiate between sensitivity and an infection to avoid delaying necessary treatment.

Signs of a Tooth Infection

The symptoms of a tooth infection are typically more intense and can include:

• Severe, Constant Pain: The pain from an infection is usually throbbing, sharp, and persistent. It may worsen when lying down or chewing.
• Swelling or Redness: An infected tooth may cause swelling in the gums, face, or jaw, sometimes accompanied by redness.
• Pus or Abscess: An abscess may form at the site of the infection, which can drain pus or fluid.
• Bad Breath or Unpleasant Taste: An infection can cause a foul taste in the mouth or persistent bad breath.
• Fever: A fever may accompany a tooth infection, signaling that the body is fighting the infection.

How to Distinguish Sensitivity from Infection

While both tooth sensitivity and infections can cause discomfort, the intensity and characteristics of the symptoms are often different. Here’s how you can tell whether your tooth pain is due to sensitivity or a possible infection:

Duration and Type of Pain

Tooth sensitivity typically comes and goes, often triggered by specific stimuli such as hot or cold foods, or pressure during brushing. In contrast, the pain from a tooth infection is constant, throbbing, and can intensify with chewing or even when you’re not eating. If you experience pain that doesn’t subside after removing the trigger, it’s more likely to be an infection.

Associated Symptoms

Infections often come with swelling, redness, fever, and bad breath, while sensitivity usually doesn’t present with these additional symptoms. If you notice swelling or any other signs of infection, it’s important to seek dental care immediately.

When to See a Dentist for Tooth Issues

If you suspect that your tooth is infected or if sensitivity is causing you significant discomfort, it’s important to schedule an appointment with your dentist. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications like abscesses or tooth loss.

Signs You Need to See a Dentist

• Pain that persists for more than a few days or worsens over time.
• Visible swelling or an abscess on the gums.
• Fever or other signs of infection.
• Difficulty chewing or swallowing.

Treatments for Tooth Sensitivity and Infection

Once you’ve determined whether your tooth is infected or simply sensitive, appropriate treatment can be provided. Here’s what you can expect for both conditions:

Treating Tooth Sensitivity

To treat tooth sensitivity, your dentist may recommend one or more of the following:

• Desensitizing Toothpaste: Special toothpaste designed for sensitive teeth can help block pain signals from the nerve of the tooth.
• Fluoride Treatments: A fluoride varnish applied to the teeth can strengthen enamel and reduce sensitivity.
• Dental Sealants: Sealants can be applied to the surface of the teeth to protect exposed areas from external stimuli.

Treating Tooth Infection

If you have a tooth infection, prompt treatment is necessary to prevent further complications. Your dentist may recommend:

• Antibiotics: To eliminate the bacteria causing the infection.
• Root Canal: If the infection has reached the pulp of the tooth, a root canal may be necessary to remove the infected tissue and seal the tooth.
• Tooth Extraction: In severe cases, the infected tooth may need to be removed if it cannot be saved.

If you're unsure about whether your tooth is infected or simply sensitive, it’s always best to consult with a dentist who can accurately diagnose the issue and recommend the most effective treatment.